Dental instrument.



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M I [J 54 a X a 5 7/1 3 i W m z? M A w f 0, 00 M W MW a UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID E. COULSON, OF BOULDER, COLORADO.

DENTAL INSTRUMENT.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID E. OouLsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Boulder, county of Boulder, and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dental Instruments; and I do'declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as'will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, -which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in dental instruments, my object being to provide a device in whichthe operating tool is readily detachable and replaceable without removing thechuck or the portion 'of the instrument to which the tool .is secured, or with which it is connected.

My further object, is to provide an instrument in which the tool may be reciprocated while the chuck is stationary or non-reciprocable.

Still another object of my invention is to provide an instrument of this character equipped with a stationary guide arranged approximately parallel with the reciprocating tool and adapted, when the tool is in serted between the gum and thetooth, to

- protect the gum from contact with the reciprocating tool during the treatment. This instrument is particularly advantageous in the treatment of the disease known as pyorrhea.

The reciprocating tool, or pyorrhea sealer, is equipped with a pin which enters a cam oove formed in the head of a rotary spindle, the latter being actuated by the usual flexible shaft connected with a dental engine.

Having briefly outlined by improved construction, as well as some of the objects sought to be obtained thereby, I will proceed to describe the same in detail, reference being made to the accompanying drawing, in which is illustrated an embodiment thereof.

In this drawing: Figure 1 is a longitudinal section taken through myimproved instrument, a tool or sealer together with its stationary cooperating member, being shown in elevation. Fig. 2 is a similar view with parts broken away, aid parts removed.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed January 30, 1912. Serial No. 674,424.

showing the first step in assembling or connecting the tools with the chuck. Fig. 3 is a similar view, showing a securing ferrule applied to the chuck for holding the tools in place. Fig. 4 is a similar view, showing a locking sleeve applied to the ferrule and illustrating a difiterent form of reciprocating tool. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4, showing still another form of tool. Fig. 6 is a perspective .detail view illustrating a scaler. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section illustrating a different form of device, showing the tools extending approximately at right angles to the rotary spindle. Fig. 8 is a section taken on the line 88, Fig. 7 Fig. 9 is a detail View illustrating a chuck employed in connection with my improved instrument, illustrating a bayonet joint groove.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the views.

Let the numeral 5 indicate the body of the instrument, which maybe of any suitable construction, and in which is mounted to rotate a spindle 6, 'one extremity 7, of which is adapted to be connected with the flexible shaft of a dental engine notshown, while the opposite extremity is equipped with a head 8, having a cam groove 9 adapted to receive a pin or projection 10 formed on the inner extremity of a sealer 12. This scaler is applied to a chuck 13, which as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, is assembled in connection with a stationary tool 14, Whose inner Patented Dec. 10, 1912.

extremity is U-shaped, as shown at 15, and

arranged to inter-lock withthe chuck. The stationary tool is engaged by the shank 16 of the scaler. Both tools 12 and 14 protrude beyond the chuck. To the chuck and in engagement with the shank of the sealer, is applied a securing ferrule 17, which slips over the end of the chuck. Outside of the ferrule is applied a fastening sleeve 18, which is connected with the chuck by means of a bayonet joint, the sleeve being provided with a pin or lug 19, which enters an angleshaped groove having a longitudinal part 20, and a laterally extending part 21. In applying the sleeve, its pin 19 first enters the outer extremity of the longitudinal part of the groove at the end of the chuck, and when the sleeve is .shoved to its limit of movement upon the chuck, it is given a partial rotation, causing the pin to enter the part 21 of the groove, locking the sleeve in place. The outer extremity of the sleeve is closed, except that it is provided with a cen tral opening 22 throughwhich the tools 12 and 14 pass.

In order to secure the spindle 6 against longitudinal movement, it is provided within the hollow portion 23 of the body of the instrument with a bushing 24, which is secured to the spindle by a pin 25. This bushbody of the tool, as shOWn at 26. The inner extremity of the chuck is hollow, as shown at 27, to make room for the head 8 of the rotary spindle. The outer end of the chuck is grooved, as shown at 28, to receive the tools 12 and 14. It will be understood that any suitable form of chuck construction may be employed for holding the tools in place in such manner that the tool 14 is held stationary, while the scaler is allowed to reciprocate.

In the form of construction shown in Fig. 4, instead of the stationary tool 14,

a sort of false tool, or dummy member 29 is employed to fillthe space occupied by the inner extremity of the tool 14, when the latter is not required. In this case, another form of device or tool, designated 30, takes the place of the scaler. In Fig. 5 still another form of tool'31 is employed, and its shank is reinforced, as shown at 32, whereby the dummy member, shown in Fig. 4 is dispensed with.

In the form of construction shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the chilck'is designated 33,

, and has a laterally projecting member 34 to which a sleeve 35 is applied for-holding the tools 12 and' 14 in place. In this instance,

these last named tools are somewhat differently shaped from those illustrated in Fig. 1. Furthermore, in the form of construction shown in Fig. 7, the outer. extremity of the spindle 6 is equipped with a head 36, having an eccentric groove 37, into which the pin 10 of the scaler projects. In this case, the shank of thescaler extends at'right angles to the axis ofthe spindle, and as thelatter is rotated the scaler is reciprocated.

From the foregoing description,'the use and operation of my improved device will be readily understood. In assembling the device when the two tools 12 and 14 are used, together, the tool 14 is first applied to the chuck, after which the scaler is put in place, the ferrule 17 being then applied;

and finally the sleeve 18 is put in place, and

connected with the chuck by the bayonet joint construction, as heretofore explained.

In using the instrument for the treatment of pyorrhea, the tool 14, whose free extremity extends beyond the extremity of the scaler, is inserted between the scaler and the gum,-the scaler being in position to act directly upon the tooth, or root thereof. When the scaler is at its inward limit of movement, as illustrated in Fig. 1, the tool 14 extends far enough beyond the same to allow the scaler to move outwardly to the limit of its stroke. The free extremity of the tool 14 is bent laterally beyond the outer extremity of the scaler, whereby when the tool 12 is inserted, the gum is pressed out-. Ward from the tooth, making room for the scaler to operate.

In the form of construction shown in Fig. 7, a ferrule 38 is applied to the chuck to secure the sleeve in place, the ferrule being provided with a pin 39 entering an angular slot formed in the chuck of substantially the same construction as illustrated in Fig. 9. The sleeve' 35 is provided with a projection 40, with which the outer end of the ferrule 38 interlocks. This ferrule is closed at its outer extremity forming a kind of cap for the chuck, being, however, cut away on one side to make room for the laterally projecting portion 34 of the chuck, together with the fastening sleeve 35.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A dental instrument equipped with a reciprocable ,tool anda stationary tool cooperating therewith, substantially as described. q

2. A dental instrument equipped with a reciprocable tool and a stationary tool cooperating therewith, the stationary tool projecting beyond the reciprocating tool and having its free extremity bent toward the reciprocating tool, substantially as described.

3. In a dental instrument the combination with a body member and a chuck member,

of a spindle rotatably mounted in the body member, and equipped with a head, a tool slidably mounted in the chuck, and an operative connection between the spindle head and the tool, to reciprocate the latter as the Y spindle is rotated, substantially as described.

4'. In a dental instrument, the combination with a body member and a chuck member, of a spindle rotatably mounted in the body member and equipped with a head provided with a cam groove, a tool slidably mounted in the chuck and having a projection entering said groove, and suitable means for securing the tool upon the chuck against movement except in a longitudinal direction, substantially as described.

5. An instrument of the class described, comprising a body member, a hollow chuck member, a spindle rotatable in the body member and having a head Extending into the hollow of the chuck member, the head having a cam groove, a tool a plied to the 10 chuck and having a projectlon into the grooveof the spindle head, and suitable means for securing the tool in place on the chuck, and in o erative relation with the spindle, substantlally as described.

Intestimony whereof I aflix my signature 15 in presence of two witnesses.

DAVID E, COULSON. Witnesses:

.A. J. OBnmN, F. E. BOWEN. 

